Exploring how an adaptations and translations of Les Mis had been used for political messaging in places such as in (Ottoman) Armenia (for its nation-building project and resistance to Orientalism), China (for Revolutionary thought), Korean peninsula (for colonial resistance and nationalism), Vietnam (for cultural value and negotiation with the colonial French), Japan (fascism and liberalism in the arts of Itami Mansaku, the director or kyojinndenn), and India (cinema as a part of the postindependent nation-building project). Some additional places may also be included.